Lyman Beecher

Personal Background
•I was born on October 12, 1775 in New Haven, Connecticut.
•I attended Yale in 1793 for my formal education.
•Some of my notable achievements include being asked to become the President and Professor of Theology at Lane Seminary, serving as minister at a Presbyterian church in East Hampton, New York, as well as serving at the First Church in Litchfield, Connecticut. Overall, I was known as a successful revivalist whose ideas many Americans could connect with.
•During my career, I defended Calvinist and Puritan Orthodoxy, supported the Temperance movement, attacked the practice of dueling, and voiced out against Liberals and Unitarians to preserve religion.


Issues
•Some of the issues I voiced my opinion on included the Temperance Movement, Abolition, the practice of dueling, and moral reform.
•I wholeheartedly supported the Temperance Movement and even published “Six Sermons on Intemperance.” As for Abolition, I support antislavery and gradual emancipation but not the extremes of Abolition that the students of Lane Seminary were for. I also believe that dueling is for the privileged upper class that believes they are above the law and morality.
•My main inspiration for everything I do is my religious beliefs. I was taught by Timothy Dwight, the president of Yale, and share his religious and social views.

Solutions
•[Temperance] My solution to the alcohol problem in America is for people to simply follow abstinence. I have given speeches and published Six Sermons on Intemperance in hopes of convincing the people to follow Temperance.
o The Temperance movement, as a whole, was successful and it did cut down on this country’s alcohol consumption. I like to think that I played a part as one of the leading voices for the movement.
•[Abolition] I favor gradual emancipation of slaves instead of immediate, but that isn’t my main concern. The students at Lane Seminary were way too concerned with Abolition and that took away from their studies.
o The students of Lane Seminary were not pleased with what the trustees and I told them so they left Lane Seminary and joined Oberlin College.
•[Dueling] I advocated voting duelists out of office. Dueling, in my opinion, is symbolic of the decline in social order which a republic needs to survive.
o This issue wasn’t that important to catch on nationwide.
•[Moral Reform] I urged a return to the ways that the Puritan founders of New England preached: laws against intemperance, Sabbath breaking, and other forms of immorality.
o I faced great opposition from Baptists, Methodists, Episcopalians, and Deists. In the end, Congregationalism was removed as the official church in Connecticut and my plans ended up failing.

Relationships to others
• There are very few that I would agree with completely, perhaps those that supported Temperance primarily.
• I do not get along with Charles Finney, Theodore Dwight Weld, William Lloyd Garrison, among other liberals, Unitarians, and Catholics.

~Shuipys

Charles Grandison Finney

Born August 29, 1792 in Warren, Connecticut.

I am a Presbyterian minister, evangelist, revivalist and author, having many of my lectures being printed in newspapers.

I spent two years at Hamilton Oneida Academy, and then went to New Jersey where I taught and studied privately. My earlier plans of going to study at Yale changed when I realized I could accomplish the four year coursework of the college in two years of my own time. After a truly divine experience, I decided to leave my law studies and begin to spread the word of christ.

I taught and later became president at Oberlin College, which was active in the movement against slavery and is one of the first colleges to allow African-Americans to study alongside whites.

I have conducted revivals in the middle and eastern states, and because of my expressive language, homely illustrations and direct nature, I have attracted the attention of many.

I am supportive of the Abolitionist movement and am strongly anti-slavery, which I express clearly from my pulpit.

I am a strong advocate of temperance, being opposed to anything that could possibly interfere with a man’s relationship to Christ (tobacco, tea, coffee).

I believe that an individual has great ability to repent. Sin and holiness cannot coexist naturally, and salvation is reached by grace through faith alone, not by good deeds.

Adin Ballou

Greetings, my name is Adin Ballou.

• Personal Background:
• I was born April 23, 1803 on a farm in Cumberland, Rhode Island.
• I received no formal education, though I was versed in the Bible.
• Religious views: Unitarian= Universal Salvation for all.
• I created the Hopedale Community in 1840, served as president of the New England Non-resistance Society in 1843,and played a part in the foundation of The Universal Peace Union founded in 1866.

• Issue(s):
• Although I tickered in a variety of reformation issues, I possessed a strong stance on the issues of Abolitionism and Utopian Communities.
• I viewed Abolitionism as a right to a horrid moral division in America. in 1843 I urged Americans to honor the foundations of the country by not being selective or hypocritical in their judgment of whom should be free.
• By 1840, I believed that my Christian views would not allow me to live in a government where inequality and force ruled the poulace...a utopian community must be established away from the U.S. government.
• My religion pushed me onward towards creating perfection in society.

• Solution(s):
• I advocated the individual moral reform of Americans in order for the eventual equality that would flourish once bigotry passed. But, alas! For myself and many others the only way to reform ourselves in America was to form a community seperate from this nation's government.
• In 1830, quarrels between Restorationists and Universalists led to my decision to stand by my views as a Restorationist. My "radical views" later cost me my pulpit in Milford,Massachusetts. I also published Christian non-Resistance in 1846 on my beliefs on pacifism that I stood by ,and beseeched others to as well, through the Civil War. Until 1880 I was a pastor in the Hopedale community until retirement.

Relationship To Others: ( Friend of William Garrison)

• Temperance: Individuals must act as a single unit to resolve the issue, and not as scattered individuals.
• Abolition: Americans can agree on the principles of their founding fathers, but do not have to disregard the rights that every man in this country is entitiled to.
• Women's Rights: In regards to the universal salvation of my religion women have that privilege as well.
• Education: If the government can resolve its inequality in the scope of capitalism, education would be equal for all Americans.
• Prison Reform: As I've stated before, all men will recieve equal salvation in the afterlife, and this life if the government and its people can accept that truth.
• Utopian Communities: A necessity for those who do not wish to engage in senseless force, nor degrade themselves with the govenrment's unfair social establishements.
• Transcendentalism: In the 1830's and 1840's several protests and boughts of criticism have been aimed at the Unitarian doctrine. This is merely a small part of the Transcendentalists protest against the state of our culture and society as a whole. While I support this awareness I do not support the attack on the Unitarian doctrine in every view it contains.

Matos

Sylvester Graham

Wordle

· I was born on July 5, 1794

· I was born in West Suffield, Connecticut

· I was going to get my formal education at Amherst College in 1823 but withdrew due to being scorned by fellow students

· I am notable for being an Agent of Pennsylvania Temperance Society. Graham System, a vegetarian dietetic theory. Graham flour, Graham boarding houses.

· The contributions that I have made to American History are Graham Crackers: stressed whole-wheat flour and vegetarian diets. Helped found the American Vegetarian Society.

· Picture of me:

• The issue that I’m involved with is the Temperance movement and with this I believe people should eat products with whole-wheat flour and have a vegetarian diet. I also preached on sexual restraint and baths.
• I am against drinking and it had bad effects on the human body.
• I was inspired by religion to take up this fight. After I became a Presbyterian minister I joined the fight.
• I have published many books to get my ideals out and have a small group formed that helps me with this task.
• I was successfully able to invent Graham crackers which are healthy for you and provides a snack to your liking.
• I have met and shared my ideals with abolitionists and believe their cause is right.
• I did not have any concern for women’s rights.
• I believe education is important and we should improve upon it.
• The only prison reform I am concerned with is the type of meals the inmates should have. They should get only vegetarian foods.
• I have no opinions on utopian communities but they may exist because like myself others have established what they believe.
• I have a distaste for transcendentalism due to that fact of their suspicion on the church and reform organizations.

Shah

Sojourner Truth

Personal Background:

• I was born in 1979 in Ulster County, New York.





• I do not have an education as I was born right into the slave trade and began working on an estate owned by Dutch Settlers at a very young age. I was auctioned off when my owner died to a new owner with whom I stayed with for 17 years before I became a free women in 1827.





• I was the first black women who took a white man to court in 1828 and won the rights to my son, Peter who was being sold as a slave. I was also the first african american to win a slander suit against a white man and was awarded $125.





• I was a supporter of women's emancipation and lectured on women's rights and black freedom. In 1854, I gave one of my most famous speeches at the Woman's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio.





• The National Freedman's Relief Association appointed me to work as a counselor to freed slaves in Virginia. I returned to Washington within five months where I began working in a hospital. During this time I filed a suit to affirm that black people had the same legal rights as white people to ride on public transport. My court case was won





• I also began lecturing for the temperance movement





• Died- November 26, 1883, at the age of 86 in Battle Creek, Michigan

Issues:

• I am involved with and preech about Womens Rights and Black Freedom




• I am an abolitionist and am fighting for women's rights and black freedom.




• I believe in non-violence and communicating with spirits.




• During the civil war I spoke on the Union's behalf for the listing of black troops and eventually my grandson was enlisted




• I spoke at the Ohio Women's Rights Convention where I delievered my infamous speech "Ain't I a Women". At this speech, an audience member accused me of being a man and to prove him wrong I opened my shirt.
  


• I spoke at the Equal Rights convention in New York.
• I attempted to persuade the government to give land in the "new west" to freed slaves.


• My inspiration for all that I do is based on religion and what I believe is right for everyone to live together in peace and harmony.


• I was an advocate for the Spiritual Religious movement taking place.

Solutions:

• I am in favor of an Utopian Community and Individual moral reform.
• I wrote a book titled The Narrative of Sojourner Truth: A Northern Slave after I learned how to read and write by myself once I became free that I encouraged many to read. It was all my ideas to an ideal community.
• I changed my religion once I was free and I was enlightened


• I had to fight for rights in three different court cases, one being for my son.


• I had to fight to become free and I even ran away from my owner one year before I was legally allowed to do so.


• I was constantly under estimated and unappreciated because not only was I a women, but an African American as well.


• I turned to religion for faith and encouraged everyone else to do so.

Relationship to Others:

• I am in favor of the temperance movement


• I fought my whole life for the abolition of slavery. I also am in favor of the abolition of capital punishment.


• My two main goals and most famous speeches were based on Black Freedoms, as well as Women's Rights.


• I am in favor of prison reform and an utopian community where everyone, white or black, men and women, can live together in an ideal society.

Maize